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Industrial automation in manufacturing uses intelligent machines so that processes can be carried out with minimal human intervention. It applies control systems to enable equipment to operate independently — handling tasks requiring speed, endurance and precision.

Automation can be achieved through mechanical, electrical, electronic, hydraulic, pneumatic and computer means — usually two or more in combination. Today's state-of-the-art factories, ships and airplanes combine all these techniques.

The main benefits include leaner operations requiring less energy, less material and reduced labour waste — leading to improvements in quality, accuracy and precision. Modern industrial robots have high computing capabilities, improved vision systems and increasing degrees of freedom.

With the rapid development of microcomputer and software technologies, automation in manufacturing is almost totally dependent on computer and software capabilities. This is why it is often called Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM).

Industrial robots of the future will be multi-functional, with capabilities associated with human workers — decision-making, autonomous operation, self-diagnostic and predictive maintenance capabilities. The factory of the future will be more efficient in the utilisation of energy, raw material and human resources.

Contrary to popular belief, experience shows that automation does not cause mass unemployment. On the contrary, the mass use of robots creates more jobs. Humans and robots will work together to create a more efficient and productive workspace.